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What is the Toulmin method?
The Toulmin method, developed by philosopher Stephen Toulmin, is essentially a structure for analyzing argument but can also be used to construct arguments.
This type of argument works well when there are no clear truths or absolute solutions to a problem. Toulmin arguments take into account the complex nature of most situations.
There are six elements for analyzing, and, in this case, presenting arguments that are important to the Toulmin method.
- Claim
- The claim is a statement of opinion that the author is asking her or his audience to accept as true.
- Grounds
- The grounds are the facts or data or reasoning upon which the claim is based. Essentially, the grounds are the facts making the case for the claim.
- Warrant
- The warrant is what links the grounds to the claim. This is what makes the audience understand how the grounds are connected to supporting the claim.
- Backing
- The backing gives additional support for the claim by addressing different questions related to your claim.
- Qualifier
- The qualifier is essentially the limits to the claim or an understanding that the claim is not true in all situations.
- Rebuttal
- The rebuttal is when the author addresses the opposing views.